A Review of Efficacy and Safety of Exogenous Melatonin and Vitamin B6 in Managing Sleep Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder
a system functions as a biological clock that regulates the sleep-wake cycle over a 24-hour period. It can be disrupted by a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep, which can affect individuals of various age groups. Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep and circadian rhythms during the ageing process, affecting both the body and brain. Individuals at risk of neurodevelopmental disorders may have an increased susceptibility to sleep issues, particularly those with autistic spectrum disorder. Melatonin supplementation can improve their quality of life.Administering melatonin from an external source has been found to be beneficial in regulating sleep-wake cycles and improving sleep quality. Melatonin is widely recognised as the primary pharmacological treatment for insomnia. Pyridoxine insufficiency is believed to elevate the likelihood of psychological disorders and disrupt sleep maintenance. Consequently, numerous pharmaceutical formulations of melatonin combined with vitamin B6 have been developed to enhance sleep quality.